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Feline hypothyroidism
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443866.chap21
Feline hypothyroidism
- Authors: Sylvie Daminet and Mark E. Peterson
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Endocrinology
- Item: Chapter 21, pp 177 - 184
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443866.21
- Copyright: © 2023 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: August 2023
Abstract
This chapter focuses on iatrogenic, congenital and spontaneous adult onset feline hypothyroidism. The potential causes and diagnostic approach are covered, including the routine laboratory features, hormone testing and thyroid scintigraphy. The clinical features and treatment options for each form of hypothyroidism are described, including levothyroxine replacement therapy. The chapter emphasizes the importance of monitoring and adjusting the levothyroxine dose to ensure optimal post-pill thyroid hormone levels.
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Figures
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443866.chap21.fig21_2
21.2
(a) Kitten (on the left) with congenital hypothyroidism with its normal-sized littermate (on the right). Note the disproportionate dwarfism (large head and short limbs) in the affected kitten. (b) Young adult cat with congenital hypothyroidism. In this case, the characteristics of disproportionate dwarfism are rather discrete (short limbs) and were not recognized by the owners. In some cats, partial block of thyroid hormone synthesis can lead to more discrete dwarfism and resulting delayed recognition.
(a, Reproduced from
Feldman et al. (2019
), Feline Endocrinology, Edra, with permission from the publisher) © 2023 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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21.2
(a) Kitten (on the left) with congenital hypothyroidism with its normal-sized littermate (on the right). Note the disproportionate dwarfism (large head and short limbs) in the affected kitten. (b) Young adult cat with congenital hypothyroidism. In this case, the characteristics of disproportionate dwarfism are rather discrete (short limbs) and were not recognized by the owners. In some cats, partial block of thyroid hormone synthesis can lead to more discrete dwarfism and resulting delayed recognition.
(a, Reproduced from
Feldman et al. (2019
), Feline Endocrinology, Edra, with permission from the publisher)
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443866.chap21.fig21_3
21.3
This 5-year-old male neutered Devon Rex presented with a history of lethargy, mental dullness and inappetence. The cat also had diabetes mellitus. This cat had very low circulating total thyroxine concentration, as well as an increased thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration, confirming primary hypothyroidism. The hair coat was seborrhoeic and easily epilated. Note the bilateral ceruminous otitis.
(Courtesy of E. Mercier and S. Daminet) © 2023 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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21.3
This 5-year-old male neutered Devon Rex presented with a history of lethargy, mental dullness and inappetence. The cat also had diabetes mellitus. This cat had very low circulating total thyroxine concentration, as well as an increased thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration, confirming primary hypothyroidism. The hair coat was seborrhoeic and easily epilated. Note the bilateral ceruminous otitis.
(Courtesy of E. Mercier and S. Daminet)
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443866.chap21.fig21_5
21.5
Radiographic changes in a cat with congenital hypothyroidism. (a) At the time of diagnosis (12 months of age), generalized delayed epiphyseal ossification (open physes) of the vertebrae and long bones was apparent (arrowed). Failure of fusion of the ischium, ilium and acetabulum, and poorly developed patellae were also noted. (b) After 1 year of treatment with levothyroxine, the ossification centres (physes) of all vertebrae, long bones and pelvis were closed and the patellae appeared normal.
(Reproduced from
Feldman et al. (2019
), Feline Endocrinology, Edra, with permission from the publisher.) © 2023 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
10.22233/9781910443866/fig21_5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443866/fig21_5.png
21.5
Radiographic changes in a cat with congenital hypothyroidism. (a) At the time of diagnosis (12 months of age), generalized delayed epiphyseal ossification (open physes) of the vertebrae and long bones was apparent (arrowed). Failure of fusion of the ischium, ilium and acetabulum, and poorly developed patellae were also noted. (b) After 1 year of treatment with levothyroxine, the ossification centres (physes) of all vertebrae, long bones and pelvis were closed and the patellae appeared normal.
(Reproduced from
Feldman et al. (2019
), Feline Endocrinology, Edra, with permission from the publisher.)
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443866.chap21.fig21_6
21.6
(a) Ventral view of a thyroid scintigraphic scan from the cat in
Figure 21.3
. Note the uptake of pertechnetate in the salivary glands and the absence of uptake in the cervical (thyroid) region. (b) This image shows the increased uptake of pertechnetate visible in the thyroid gland of a hyperthyroid cat.
(Courtesy of K. Peremans) © 2023 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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10.22233/9781910443866/fig21_6.png
21.6
(a) Ventral view of a thyroid scintigraphic scan from the cat in
Figure 21.3
. Note the uptake of pertechnetate in the salivary glands and the absence of uptake in the cervical (thyroid) region. (b) This image shows the increased uptake of pertechnetate visible in the thyroid gland of a hyperthyroid cat.
(Courtesy of K. Peremans)