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The mediastinum
- Authors: Elizabeth Baines and Karine Gendron
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Thoracic Imaging
- Item: Chapter 10, pp 276 - 325
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443941.10
- Copyright: © 2024 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2024
Abstract
The mediastinum is a connective tissue septum that lies between the left and right pleural cavities and forms a space for the passage of viscera, nerves and blood vessels. Imaging techniques facilitate assessment of mediastinal anatomy and pathology. This chapter delineates normal mediastinal anatomy in dogs and cats, including the boundaries and contents of mediastinal compartments. Pathologies affecting the mediastinum are explored, encompassing neoplasia, fluid accumulation, inflammation and pneumomediastinum. Diagnostic imaging features are detailed for various mediastinal structures and associated diseases, emphasizing key differentiating features. The utility of ultrasonography, computed tomography and scintigraphy for mediastinal assessment is also discussed.
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