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Malassezia dermatitis
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443811.chap26
Malassezia dermatitis
- Author: Tim Nuttall
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Dermatology
- Item: Chapter 26, pp 196 - 202
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443811.26
- Copyright: © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: September 2021
Abstract
Understanding the biology, prompt identification and effective treatment of Malassezia allergens is important; these topics are covered in this chapter.
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/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443811.chap26
Figures
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26.1
The characteristic ‘peanut’, ‘Russian doll’ or ‘snowman’ shapes of budding Malassezia pachydermatis from a dog (Diff-Quik® stain; original magnification X1000). © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.1
The characteristic ‘peanut’, ‘Russian doll’ or ‘snowman’ shapes of budding Malassezia pachydermatis from a dog (Diff-Quik® stain; original magnification X1000).
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26.3
German Shepherd Dog suffering from severe atopic dermatitis and secondary Malassezia dermatitis. The dog responded well to twice weekly bathing with a 2% chlorhexidine/2% miconazole shampoo and ciclosporin at a dose of 5 mg/kg orally q24h. © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.3
German Shepherd Dog suffering from severe atopic dermatitis and secondary Malassezia dermatitis. The dog responded well to twice weekly bathing with a 2% chlorhexidine/2% miconazole shampoo and ciclosporin at a dose of 5 mg/kg orally q24h.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443811.chap26.fig26_4
26.4
(a) Erythema, alopecia and scaling of the foot of a Boxer with Malassezia dermatitis secondary to hyperadrenocorticism. The skin was also greasy and malodorous. (b) Chronic Malassezia dermatitis of the ventral neck in an atopic Staffordshire Bull Terrier. The affected skin is erythematous, alopecic, lichenified and seborrhoeic. © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.4
(a) Erythema, alopecia and scaling of the foot of a Boxer with Malassezia dermatitis secondary to hyperadrenocorticism. The skin was also greasy and malodorous. (b) Chronic Malassezia dermatitis of the ventral neck in an atopic Staffordshire Bull Terrier. The affected skin is erythematous, alopecic, lichenified and seborrhoeic.
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26.5
Erythroceruminous otitis associated with Malassezia in a Weimeraner with a cutaneous food-responsive dermatosis. There is diffuse erythema of the ventral pinna with a dark brown waxy discharge around the opening of the vertical ear canal. © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.5
Erythroceruminous otitis associated with Malassezia in a Weimeraner with a cutaneous food-responsive dermatosis. There is diffuse erythema of the ventral pinna with a dark brown waxy discharge around the opening of the vertical ear canal.
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26.6
(a) Idiopathic facial dermatitis in a Persian cat. This condition is often associated with Malassezia dermatitis, although even aggressive topical or systemic anti-Malassezia treatment can have little impact. (b) Build-up of brown waxy material on the proximal claw of a cat with Malassezia paronychia. Generalized exfoliative Malassezia dermatitis in cats is often associated with severe systemic disease. However, the mural folliculitis and Malassezia dermatitis spontaneously resolved in this cat. (c) Generalized alopecia and scaling associated with Malassezia overgrowth in a Domestic Shorthaired cat with lymphocytic mural folliculitis. © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.6
(a) Idiopathic facial dermatitis in a Persian cat. This condition is often associated with Malassezia dermatitis, although even aggressive topical or systemic anti-Malassezia treatment can have little impact. (b) Build-up of brown waxy material on the proximal claw of a cat with Malassezia paronychia. Generalized exfoliative Malassezia dermatitis in cats is often associated with severe systemic disease. However, the mural folliculitis and Malassezia dermatitis spontaneously resolved in this cat. (c) Generalized alopecia and scaling associated with Malassezia overgrowth in a Domestic Shorthaired cat with lymphocytic mural folliculitis.
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26.7
Impression smear from a dog’s skin stained with the Diff-Quik® basophilic stain (pot 3) only. The Malassezia organisms have clearly stained well but note the monochrome image. Compare with
Figures 26.1
and
26.8
, which have been stained with both the eosinophilic (pot 2) and basophilic stains. (Original magnification X400) © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.7
Impression smear from a dog’s skin stained with the Diff-Quik® basophilic stain (pot 3) only. The Malassezia organisms have clearly stained well but note the monochrome image. Compare with
Figures 26.1
and
26.8
, which have been stained with both the eosinophilic (pot 2) and basophilic stains. (Original magnification X400)
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26.8
Malassezia pachydermatis isolated on a stained adhesive tape strip preparation from a dog. This sample was stained with the eosinophilic (pot 2) and basophilic (pot 3) Diff-Quik® stains. Compare the staining with that in
Figure 26.7
, where the preparation was stained with only the basophilic stain. (Original magnification X400) © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.8
Malassezia pachydermatis isolated on a stained adhesive tape strip preparation from a dog. This sample was stained with the eosinophilic (pot 2) and basophilic (pot 3) Diff-Quik® stains. Compare the staining with that in
Figure 26.7
, where the preparation was stained with only the basophilic stain. (Original magnification X400)
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443811.chap26.fig26_9
26.9
Severe erythema, inflammation and scaling of the ventral pinna in a crossbreed dog with atopic dermatitis. Similar lesions were present in the interdigital skin, muzzle, axillae and groin. An intradermal allergen test was positive for Malassezia only. The dog had a good response to Malassezia-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy and topical anti-Malassezia treatment.
(Courtesy of Hilary Jackson) © 2021 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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26.9
Severe erythema, inflammation and scaling of the ventral pinna in a crossbreed dog with atopic dermatitis. Similar lesions were present in the interdigital skin, muzzle, axillae and groin. An intradermal allergen test was positive for Malassezia only. The dog had a good response to Malassezia-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy and topical anti-Malassezia treatment.
(Courtesy of Hilary Jackson)