Full text loading...
Oral and dental problems
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20
Oral and dental problems
- Author: Robert Williams
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine Practice
- Item: Chapter 20, pp 212 - 228
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443200.20
- Copyright: © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2015
Abstract
Signs of disease originating in the oral cavity are a common cause for presentation in general practice. The initial reason for presentation is often vague, such as a smelly or painful mouth or difficulty with eating. There is often a simple explanation for what the owner has identified as a problem; however, it pays to keep an open mind and to have a thorough approach to dealing with these cases, as there can sometimes be a more serious or sinister cause. This chapter considers trauma, initial approach to the non-emergency presentation, common problems and changes in oral mucous membranes. Quick Reference Guides: Examining the mouth in a conscious dog; Scaling and polishing teeth; Tooth extraction.
Preview this chapter:
Oral and dental problems, Page 1 of 1
< Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/10.22233/9781910443200/9781910443200.20-1.gif/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20
Figures
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig4
20.4
There is swelling and exophthalmos on the right-hand side of the head of this dog with an intraoral abscess. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_4.png
20.4
There is swelling and exophthalmos on the right-hand side of the head of this dog with an intraoral abscess.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig6
20.6
DV radiograph of the skull, showing the normal appearance of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs; arrowed). In the absence of CT imaging, this is a very useful view for highlighting the TMJs. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_6_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_6.png
20.6
DV radiograph of the skull, showing the normal appearance of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs; arrowed). In the absence of CT imaging, this is a very useful view for highlighting the TMJs.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig7
20.7
Right lateral oblique radiograph of the mandible, showing a caudal mandibular fracture (arrowed). Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_7_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_7.png
20.7
Right lateral oblique radiograph of the mandible, showing a caudal mandibular fracture (arrowed).
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig10
20.10
This 11-year-old Cocker Spaniel bitch showed some typical signs of periodontal disease. There is tartar on PM4 and M1, with associated gingivitis. Pus is also evident between the teeth. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_10_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_10.png
20.10
This 11-year-old Cocker Spaniel bitch showed some typical signs of periodontal disease. There is tartar on PM4 and M1, with associated gingivitis. Pus is also evident between the teeth.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig11
20.11
Sagittal fracture of PM4 resulting in periodontal disease. This tooth should be extracted (see
QRG 20.3
). Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_11_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_11.png
20.11
Sagittal fracture of PM4 resulting in periodontal disease. This tooth should be extracted (see
QRG 20.3
).
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig12
20.12
An intraoral abscess due to a stick foreign body, shown after lancing. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_12_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_12.png
20.12
An intraoral abscess due to a stick foreign body, shown after lancing.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig14
20.14
Typical appearance of an epulis: a firm, pink to red mass originating on the gingival margin. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_14_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_14.png
20.14
Typical appearance of an epulis: a firm, pink to red mass originating on the gingival margin.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig15
20.15
A 2-year-old male Patterdale Terrier with a chronic congenital cleft palate. The dog presented with intermittent mucopurulent nasal discharge and halitosis. A rostral premaxillectomy was used to deal with the abnormal tissue and small cleft at the rostral extent of the lesion, and a bilateral mucoperiosteal flap technique was used to close the large defect of the hard palate. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_15_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_15.png
20.15
A 2-year-old male Patterdale Terrier with a chronic congenital cleft palate. The dog presented with intermittent mucopurulent nasal discharge and halitosis. A rostral premaxillectomy was used to deal with the abnormal tissue and small cleft at the rostral extent of the lesion, and a bilateral mucoperiosteal flap technique was used to close the large defect of the hard palate.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig16
20.16
A 9-year-old Jack Russell Terrier bitch with an acquired oronasal fistula secondary to the loss of a canine tooth. (a) Elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap. (b) Appearance following repair. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_16_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_16.png
20.16
A 9-year-old Jack Russell Terrier bitch with an acquired oronasal fistula secondary to the loss of a canine tooth. (a) Elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap. (b) Appearance following repair.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig18
20.18
Lip-fold dermatitis in a 7-year-old Irish Setter (a,b) before and (c,d) after hair removal. (e) An ellipse of skin (f,g) is sharply dissected to remove the ulcerated tissue. Haemorrhage from superficial vessels may appear considerable, but is controlled by swabbing and closure of the incision. (h) The incision has been closed with a continuous subcutaneous suture. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_18_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_18.png
20.18
Lip-fold dermatitis in a 7-year-old Irish Setter (a,b) before and (c,d) after hair removal. (e) An ellipse of skin (f,g) is sharply dissected to remove the ulcerated tissue. Haemorrhage from superficial vessels may appear considerable, but is controlled by swabbing and closure of the incision. (h) The incision has been closed with a continuous subcutaneous suture.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20fig22
20.22
An approach to the dog with mucous membrane pallor. (Courtesy of L Holm and K Sturgess) Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_22_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_22.png
20.22
An approach to the dog with mucous membrane pallor. (Courtesy of L Holm and K Sturgess)
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig1
A draining sinus is present in this Labrador Retriever, with cellulitis of the left maxilla secondary to a fractured maxillary carnassial tooth with pulp exposure.
A draining sinus is present in this Labrador Retriever, with cellulitis of the left maxilla secondary to a fractured maxillary carnassial tooth with pulp exposure. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-1.png
A draining sinus is present in this Labrador Retriever, with cellulitis of the left maxilla secondary to a fractured maxillary carnassial tooth with pulp exposure.
A draining sinus is present in this Labrador Retriever, with cellulitis of the left maxilla secondary to a fractured maxillary carnassial tooth with pulp exposure.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig2
Mild gingivitis and calculus accumulation can be seen on the buccal surfaces of the teeth.
Mild gingivitis and calculus accumulation can be seen on the buccal surfaces of the teeth. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-2.png
Mild gingivitis and calculus accumulation can be seen on the buccal surfaces of the teeth.
Mild gingivitis and calculus accumulation can be seen on the buccal surfaces of the teeth.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig3
Correct incisor occlusion.
Correct incisor occlusion. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-3.png
Correct incisor occlusion.
Correct incisor occlusion.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig4
Incisor malocclusion. This puppy has a mandibular prognathism, with the maxillary incisors biting into the oral soft tissues lingual to the mandibular incisors, causing trauma to the soft tissue.
Incisor malocclusion. This puppy has a mandibular prognathism, with the maxillary incisors biting into the oral soft tissues lingual to the mandibular incisors, causing trauma to the soft tissue. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-4.png
Incisor malocclusion. This puppy has a mandibular prognathism, with the maxillary incisors biting into the oral soft tissues lingual to the mandibular incisors, causing trauma to the soft tissue.
Incisor malocclusion. This puppy has a mandibular prognathism, with the maxillary incisors biting into the oral soft tissues lingual to the mandibular incisors, causing trauma to the soft tissue.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig5
Correct canine interlock.
Correct canine interlock. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-5.png
Correct canine interlock.
Correct canine interlock.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig6
Contact ulceration of the mucosa in a Bearded Collie with chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis.
Contact ulceration of the mucosa in a Bearded Collie with chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-6_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg221-6.png
Contact ulceration of the mucosa in a Bearded Collie with chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis.
Contact ulceration of the mucosa in a Bearded Collie with chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig7
Severe inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis) with hyperplasia of the maxillary fourth premolar and molar.
Severe inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis) with hyperplasia of the maxillary fourth premolar and molar. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-1.png
Severe inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis) with hyperplasia of the maxillary fourth premolar and molar.
Severe inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis) with hyperplasia of the maxillary fourth premolar and molar.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig8
The correct way to open a dog’s mouth.
The correct way to open a dog’s mouth. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-2.png
The correct way to open a dog’s mouth.
The correct way to open a dog’s mouth.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig9
Maxillary molar affected by caries.
Maxillary molar affected by caries. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-3.png
Maxillary molar affected by caries.
Maxillary molar affected by caries.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig10
The dog is examined and findings are recorded on a dental chart by an assistant.
The dog is examined and findings are recorded on a dental chart by an assistant. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg222-4.png
The dog is examined and findings are recorded on a dental chart by an assistant.
The dog is examined and findings are recorded on a dental chart by an assistant.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig11
Full-size downloadable chart available to BSAVA members at www.bsava.com
Full-size downloadable chart available to BSAVA members at www.bsava.com
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-1.png
Full-size downloadable chart available to BSAVA members at www.bsava.com
Full-size downloadable chart available to BSAVA members at www.bsava.com
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig12
The periodontal probe is held in a modified pen grip, as with all dental instruments except elevators and luxators. Graduations (millimetres) are marked on the end of a periodontal probe to enable measurements of the gingival sulcus.
The periodontal probe is held in a modified pen grip, as with all dental instruments except elevators and luxators. Graduations (millimetres) are marked on the end of a periodontal probe to enable measurements of the gingival sulcus. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-2.png
The periodontal probe is held in a modified pen grip, as with all dental instruments except elevators and luxators. Graduations (millimetres) are marked on the end of a periodontal probe to enable measurements of the gingival sulcus.
The periodontal probe is held in a modified pen grip, as with all dental instruments except elevators and luxators. Graduations (millimetres) are marked on the end of a periodontal probe to enable measurements of the gingival sulcus.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig13
Differently shaped dental explorer probes.
Differently shaped dental explorer probes. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-3.png
Differently shaped dental explorer probes.
Differently shaped dental explorer probes.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig14
Hand scaler (left) and Gracey curette (right).
Hand scaler (left) and Gracey curette (right). Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-4.png
Hand scaler (left) and Gracey curette (right).
Hand scaler (left) and Gracey curette (right).
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig15
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg223-5.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig16
Cavitation is the formation of partial vacuums in the water, resulting in the pitting and wearing away of the calculus as a result of the collapse of these vacuums in the surrounding liquid.
Cavitation is the formation of partial vacuums in the water, resulting in the pitting and wearing away of the calculus as a result of the collapse of these vacuums in the surrounding liquid. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-1.png
Cavitation is the formation of partial vacuums in the water, resulting in the pitting and wearing away of the calculus as a result of the collapse of these vacuums in the surrounding liquid.
Cavitation is the formation of partial vacuums in the water, resulting in the pitting and wearing away of the calculus as a result of the collapse of these vacuums in the surrounding liquid.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig17
Periodontal probe being used to check for gingivitis and probing depths on the maxillary right canine.
Periodontal probe being used to check for gingivitis and probing depths on the maxillary right canine. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-2.png
Periodontal probe being used to check for gingivitis and probing depths on the maxillary right canine.
Periodontal probe being used to check for gingivitis and probing depths on the maxillary right canine.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig18
Pulp exposure in fractured and worn teeth. The explorer probe is used to check for defects in the crown.
Pulp exposure in fractured and worn teeth. The explorer probe is used to check for defects in the crown. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-3.png
Pulp exposure in fractured and worn teeth. The explorer probe is used to check for defects in the crown.
Pulp exposure in fractured and worn teeth. The explorer probe is used to check for defects in the crown.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig19
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-4.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig20
The side of the tip is used against the tooth surface. The fine water spray can also be seen.
The side of the tip is used against the tooth surface. The fine water spray can also be seen. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-5.png
The side of the tip is used against the tooth surface. The fine water spray can also be seen.
The side of the tip is used against the tooth surface. The fine water spray can also be seen.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig21
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-6_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg224-6.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig22
From left to right: Couplands 1 elevator; winged elevator; extraction forceps pattern 76N; Goldman Fox periosteal elevator; scalpel handle; scissors; needle holders; rat-toothed forceps.
From left to right: Couplands 1 elevator; winged elevator; extraction forceps pattern 76N; Goldman Fox periosteal elevator; scalpel handle; scissors; needle holders; rat-toothed forceps. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-1.png
From left to right: Couplands 1 elevator; winged elevator; extraction forceps pattern 76N; Goldman Fox periosteal elevator; scalpel handle; scissors; needle holders; rat-toothed forceps.
From left to right: Couplands 1 elevator; winged elevator; extraction forceps pattern 76N; Goldman Fox periosteal elevator; scalpel handle; scissors; needle holders; rat-toothed forceps.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig23
High-speed turbine, water-cooled handpiece.
High-speed turbine, water-cooled handpiece. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-2.png
High-speed turbine, water-cooled handpiece.
High-speed turbine, water-cooled handpiece.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig24
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-3.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig25
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-4.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig26
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg225-5.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig27
Couplands 1 elevator being used on the maxillary right first premolar.
Couplands 1 elevator being used on the maxillary right first premolar. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-1.png
Couplands 1 elevator being used on the maxillary right first premolar.
Couplands 1 elevator being used on the maxillary right first premolar.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig28
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-2.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig29
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-3.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig30
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-4.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig31
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-5.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig32
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-6_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-6.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig33
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-7_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg226-7.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig34
Mandibular canine malocclusion in a 10-week-old puppy.
Mandibular canine malocclusion in a 10-week-old puppy. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-1.png
Mandibular canine malocclusion in a 10-week-old puppy.
Mandibular canine malocclusion in a 10-week-old puppy.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig35
Persistent deciduous teeth (maxillary incisors, maxillary canine and mandibular canine) in a 6-month-old Yorkshire Terrier.
Persistent deciduous teeth (maxillary incisors, maxillary canine and mandibular canine) in a 6-month-old Yorkshire Terrier. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-2.png
Persistent deciduous teeth (maxillary incisors, maxillary canine and mandibular canine) in a 6-month-old Yorkshire Terrier.
Persistent deciduous teeth (maxillary incisors, maxillary canine and mandibular canine) in a 6-month-old Yorkshire Terrier.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig36
Positioning for radiography of the mandibular canine teeth.
Positioning for radiography of the mandibular canine teeth. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-3_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-3.png
Positioning for radiography of the mandibular canine teeth.
Positioning for radiography of the mandibular canine teeth.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig37
Radiograph of deciduous mandibular canines, showing relative position to secondary canines and incisors.
Radiograph of deciduous mandibular canines, showing relative position to secondary canines and incisors. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-4_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-4.png
Radiograph of deciduous mandibular canines, showing relative position to secondary canines and incisors.
Radiograph of deciduous mandibular canines, showing relative position to secondary canines and incisors.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig38
This radiograph shows a persistent deciduous canine tooth, with no evidence of root resorption.
This radiograph shows a persistent deciduous canine tooth, with no evidence of root resorption. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-5_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-5.png
This radiograph shows a persistent deciduous canine tooth, with no evidence of root resorption.
This radiograph shows a persistent deciduous canine tooth, with no evidence of root resorption.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig39
This radiograph shows a resorbing deciduous canine root.
This radiograph shows a resorbing deciduous canine root. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-6_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-6.png
This radiograph shows a resorbing deciduous canine root.
This radiograph shows a resorbing deciduous canine root.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig40
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-7_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-7.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig41
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-8_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-8.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig42
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-9_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-9.png
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig43
Avoid placing the elevator in this position, as there is a risk of damage to the developing permanent canine tooth.
Avoid placing the elevator in this position, as there is a risk of damage to the developing permanent canine tooth. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-10_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg227-10.png
Avoid placing the elevator in this position, as there is a risk of damage to the developing permanent canine tooth.
Avoid placing the elevator in this position, as there is a risk of damage to the developing permanent canine tooth.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig44
Extracted deciduous mandibular canines, showing the length of the crown relative to the length of the roots.
Extracted deciduous mandibular canines, showing the length of the crown relative to the length of the roots. Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg228-1_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg228-1.png
Extracted deciduous mandibular canines, showing the length of the crown relative to the length of the roots.
Extracted deciduous mandibular canines, showing the length of the crown relative to the length of the roots.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443200.chap20.ch20ufig45
Untitled
Copyright © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg228-2_thumb.gif
10.22233/9781910443200/fig20_pg228-2.png