Spinal emergencies: when should I refer and what can be done in-house?

• Describe the key principles of clinical examination and initial stabilisation of an acutely non-ambulatory patient
• Formulate an in-house management and initial diagnostic plan for acutely non-ambulatory patients
• Recognise clinical presentations involving acute paralysis for which urgent referral should be discussed

Head trauma: when should I refer and what can be done in-house?

• Describe the key principles of clinical examination and initial stabilisation of a the patient with head trauma
• Formulate an in-house management and initial diagnostic plan for patients with traumatic brain injury
• Recognise clinical presentations involving head trauma for which urgent referral should be discussed