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Laboratory evaluation of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia

image of Laboratory evaluation of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia
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Abstract

This chapter looks at laboratory evaluation of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. The following topics are considered: glucose homeostasis, measurement of blood glucose, hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and diabetes mellitus. Case studies are included.

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Figures

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16.1 Control of blood glucose. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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16.2 AlphaTRAK device.
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16.3 Using a continuous glucose monitoring device. (a) A subcutaneous disposable platinum electrode for use with a continuous glucose monitoring device. (b) Using the spring-loaded device to implant the electrode below the skin over the thorax of a diabetic dog, prior to initiation of continuous glucose monitoring.
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16.4 A trace obtained from a continuous glucose monitoring device implanted in a dog.
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16.7 A suggested diagnostic approach and emergency therapeutic approach to hypoglycaemia. Avoid dextrose bolus in insulinoma cases if possible because this may lead to further insulin release. ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone; ECG = electrocardiography; GI = gastrointestinal; TLI = trypsin-like immunoreactivity. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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16.9 A suggested approach to hyperglycaemia. cPLI = canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity; fPLI = feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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16.12 Blood glucose curves in the dog. (a) Blood glucose curve showing inadequate duration of action of insulin. (b) Blood glucose curve showing insulin-induced hyperglycaemia (Somogyi overswing). (c) Blood glucose curve showing inadequate insulin response in a patient with a urinary tract infection. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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