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Monoparesis
- Author: Sònia Añor
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Neurology
- Item: Chapter 17, pp 328 - 341
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443125.17
- Copyright: © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2013
Abstract
The term monoparesis denotes the presence of neurological deficits in one limb. However, monoparetic animals are frequently presented to the veterinary surgeon with the main complaint being lameness. This chapter looks at clinical signs, lesion localization, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, neurodiagnostic investigation, degenerative diseases, anomalous diseases, neoplastic diseases, inflammatory diseases, traumatic diseases, toxic diseases, vascular diseases.
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Left sciatic nerve neuropathy
This dog had a history of chronic left pelvic limb paresis that progressively worsened. Note the atrophy of all flexor muscles in the affected limb and the abnormal gait. The dogs advances the distal end of the limb passively. Patellar pseudo-hyperreflexia is also visible, as well as a decreased flexor reflex (especially hock flexion) in the affected limb. (See page 340 in the Manual)
Partial brachial plexus avulsion
The right thoracic limb monoparesis is caused by a partial brachial plexus avulsion. The dog is able to flex the elbow and advance the affected limb forward. (See page 337 in the Manual)
Peroneal nerve paralysis
The dropped hock in the affected right pelvic limb is clearly visible. The animal is unable to flex the tarsus but the remainder of the joints in the affected limb flex and extend normally. (See page 340 in the Manual)
Right brachial plexus avulsion
The right thoracic limb monoparesis is caused by a complete brachial plexus avulsion. Note the inability of the animal to extend or flex the elbow. In addition, there is an ipsilateral miotic pupil (partial Horner's syndrome) and lack of the ipsilateral cutaneous trunci flex, which indicates spinal cord damage caused by the avulsion. (See page 337 in the Manual)